What is centrilobular emphysema?

Centrilobular emphysema is a type of emphysema that primarily affects the respiratory bronchioles (the small airways within the lungs). Also known as centriacinar emphysema, it is more commonly found in heavy smokers and is less severe than other types of emphysema.

In centrilobular emphysema, the walls of the respiratory bronchioles become destroyed, causing the small airways to dilate and lose their elasticity. This results in pockets of air forming within the lungs, making it difficult for oxygen to be exchanged with carbon dioxide in the body. Symptoms of centrilobular emphysema usually include shortness of breath, coughing, and wheezing.

Treatment for centrilobular emphysema includes quitting smoking, avoiding air pollutants, and using bronchodilators and inhaled steroids to help manage symptoms. In severe cases, lung volume reduction surgery or lung transplant may be necessary.